Health Library
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are birth control pills that contain estrogen and progestin. They prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the endometrium. COCs can also be used to regulate menstruation, treat dysmenorrhea, and manage acne. However, due to side effects like the risk of venous thromboembolism, they should be used with caution in women who smoke and those of advanced age.